Increasingly, sports teams, especially in the NBA, are hiring "sleep coaches" to help players. This follows research that good sleep can be as beneficial as performance-enhancing drugs.
Getting enough sleep can be difficult for professional athletes, especially those in the National Basketball Association.
That's partly because they travel tens of thousands of miles each season and play at night. They're essentially working the swing shift.
Robin Lopez is in his 10th season with the Chicago Bulls. Like other NBA players, he plays 82 games in six months. That's just the regular season. Add team practices, workouts, traveling across time zones, and you're left with little time for sleep and recovery. So how does he cope?
“I'm a big proponent of naps. Ever since I came into the league, the schedule with shootarounds in the morning and games at night – it really just fosters a culture of naps,” said Lopez.
To combat sleep deprivation, NBA teams are hiring sleep coaches or consultants. The strategy is simple: Quality sleep could equal better performances – and more wins.
To get the best out of its players, the Bulls turn to Chip Schaefer, the team's director of performance health. He says everyone should pay closer attention to their sleep.
“Then, I think, if people realized how important sleep was – you know, the benefits are really akin to performance-enhancing drugs. And if people realized that, I think that they would pay more attention to it,” Schaefer said.
Dr. Phyllis Zee, a sleep researcher at Northwestern University, agrees that nighttime workers are most affected by sleep deprivation.
“Those two types of shifts [swing and overnight] are associated with the highest risk for long-term metabolic cardiovascular disease and even for substance use,” said Zee.
Shift work is also common for police officers. In Indianapolis, the police department has an entire unit devoted to wellness. Sergeant Aaron Snyder, who heads it, says he always asks his officers how they're sleeping.
“Forty percent of officers have at least one sleep disorder. About a third of officers are suffering from sleep apnea,” he added.
Snyder says he got sick after switching back and forth from the night shift.
“And my doctor at one point said to me, 'Aaron, you're a healthy person. Your background's in exercise physiology, you know how to eat right, you know how to exercise. This job's killing you. Slowly, it's killing you,'” said Snyder.
New sleep technology can help – like watches, rings or phone apps that track sleep activity. The Bulls' Schaefer says many NBA teams use technology to help players focus on their sleep.
For his players, he recommends a sleep monitor that's placed under a mattress to track sleep patterns. But getting players to comply is a struggle -- and it is technology that also keeps players up at night.
“I've had players tell me that they're up playing video games till four or five o'clock in the morning,” said Schaefer. “It's just nuts, and all you can do is strongly discourage that and try and educate them."
Snyder says education is important for him, too, as he travels to police departments across the country to talk about sleep as a component of wellness.
He says the stress and trauma that comes with being a police officer is certainly a problem. But not giving your body enough time to recover can be deadly.
“They will sacrifice their own physical health," he said. "Either, you know at times an officer will take a bullet for a stranger. Or sometimes it’s slowly by sacrificing their physical and mental health over the span of a 20 year career."
This story was produced by Side Effects Public Media, a news collaborative covering public health.
